民法法系英語

『壹』 民事犯罪行為有哪些（英文）

民法法系(大陸法系)是西方兩大法系之一,是當代歷史最為悠久和影響最廣的一種法律傳統.
民法法系中的民法一詞在西方法學中,是一個多義詞,其含義主要有以下幾種:(1)在古羅馬時,一般是指僅適用於羅馬公民的法律(一般譯公民法或市民法),與萬民法相對稱,有時則與裁判官法、大官法相對稱;(2)在羅馬帝國時期,隨著羅馬公民和非公民界限的消失,就開始指整個羅馬國法;(3)在西歐中世紀時,因其來自羅馬國法,因而也就泛指國法,特別是在與教會法對稱時,或指羅馬法,或指世俗政權的法律;(4)在現代法律中,特別在民法法系法律中,民法是指主要部門法之一,與商法或刑法相對稱;(5)在現代法律中,有時也指與軍法相對稱的、適用於一般平民的民用法律;(6)專指與普通法法系相對稱的法系名稱,即民法法系,這也是包括本書在內的一般比較法學著作中所講的含義.
民法法系通常是指以羅馬法為基礎而形成的法律的總稱.這一法系的的形成經歷了自羅馬法至19世紀長達十幾個世紀的過程.其間,它也受到了其他法律的影響,如日耳曼法習慣法教會法商法封建法城市法等.同時,民法法系的形成與其他一些歷史事件也是不可愛分的,如中世紀羅馬法的復興18世紀法國革命及其理性主義思潮的沖擊,19世紀歐洲大陸的法典編撰,特別是19世紀初的<<法國民法典>>和19世紀末<<德國民法典>>的編撰,它們對民法法系的發展都具有巨大的推動作用.
民法法系的分布范圍也很廣,以歐洲大陸為中心,遍布全世界廣大地區.主要以法國和德國為主的.
法國主要通過自己的<<民法典>>(1804年)影響其他民法法系國家.例如比利時和盧森堡,至今仍在適用經修改了的法國<<民法典>>.它對其他一些國家制定的民法典也有重大影響,如荷蘭於1938年制定的民法典,葡萄牙於1867年制定的民法典,西班牙1888年制定的民法典,瑞士某些州的法典,義大利19世紀的法律以及某些東歐國家的法律.此外,法國民法典對近東、亞洲、非洲,特別是中、南美洲也有重大影響.
德國在訴訟法和行政法方面深受法國法律影響,而在制定民法典又與法國民法典有很大差別,德國民法典是在法國民法典制定後幾乎一個世紀才出現的,當時許多國家都已效仿法國模式,再加上德國民法典及其「學說匯籑派」的法律思想的特色,使這一法典較難取得法國民法典那樣的優勢.但對1942年義大利民法典,1940年希臘民法典,1916年的巴西民法典,1896年和1898年日本民法典以及韓國和中國國民黨政府的民法典都有影響.
世界上還存在著西方兩大法系之間或與宗教法系相互交錯並存的一些法律制度.這種法律制度在比較法中通常稱為「混合法」.
如蘇格蘭雖屬英國,但它的法律在歷史上與英格蘭有所不同,受羅馬法影響較大,因而它的法律可謂民法法系和普通法法系的混合.而北歐各國即挪威、瑞典、丹麥、芬蘭、冰島的法律,通稱為斯堪的納維亞法律,既不同於民法法系也不同於普通法法系,但更接近民法法系.在亞洲,屬於民法法系范圍的法律,包括土耳其,近東的一些阿拉伯國家是民法法系和伊斯蘭教法的混合.日本及泰國全屬民法法系,但日本自第二次世界大戰結束後的法律,又受到美國法律的影響.菲律賓由於先後淪為西班牙和美國的殖民地,所以帶有西方兩大法系混合的特色.印尼由於遭受荷蘭的殖民統治,它的法律就深受羅馬荷蘭法的影響,又兼有伊斯蘭教法的因素.在非洲,如剛果、盧安達、蒲隆地、衣索比亞等國法律,屬於民法法系,南非曾先後是荷蘭和英國的殖民地,因此也是西方兩大法律的混合物.北非各國如阿爾及利亞、摩洛哥、突尼西亞等阿拉伯國家的法律,由於與法國、義大利的歷史聯系,兼具民法法系和伊斯蘭教法的兩種因素.

Civil law (civil) is one of the Western Enlightenment.is the most oldest and most influential contemporary history of a legal tradition.
The word's civil law jurists in the West,Words are more than one, meaning mainly the following : (1) In ancient Rome,apply only to citizens generally refers to the Roman law (civil or translation of the general public), and the Nation relative,sometimes with the magistrate, a fitting method symmetry; (2) in the Roman Empire,Roman citizens and non-citizens boundaries disappear, it began to refer to the entire Roman law; (3) In the Middle Ages in Western Europe,from Rome because of the state law, and therefore refers to the laws of the state, especially in church law symmetry, or refers to Roman law.or refer to the secular regimes of the law; (4) In modern law, especially in civil law legal system,Civil law is one of the main departments, and commercial law or criminal law relative said. (5) In modern law,sometimes referred to the corresponding martial law applicable to the ordinary civilian law;(6) refers specifically with the common-law legal system corresponding to the names that civil law.This book also includes works by the Comparative Law for the general meaning. usually refers to the Roman civil law and formed the legal basis for the skies. This law has experienced since the formation of the Roman century to the 19th century up to a dozen in the process.

Meanwhile,It is also affected by other laws, such as the Germanic canon law and commercial law customary law feudal city law. Meanwhile,The civil law system is formed with a number of other historic events in the sub-Beloved,If the rejuvenation of the 18th century medieval Roman rational thought of the French revolution and its impact.19th century codification of the European continent.especially the early 19th century the "" French Civil Code, "" and the 19th "" German Civil Code "," Reform,their civil law systems have a tremendous role in promoting the development. civil-law distribution of a wide range,in the center of the European continent,vast areas throughout the world. The key to France and Germany. France, mainly through their own "the" Civil Code "," (1804), other civil law countries. For example, Belgium and Luxembourg.revised application, the French still "the" Civil Code ","It's in some other countries and also has a significant impact on the Civil Code.If the Civil Code, enacted in 1938 in the Netherlands, Portugal, the Civil Code, enacted in 1867.Spain's Civil Code 1888, Switzerland, the code in some states.Italian 19th century law, and some East European countries the law.
In addition, the French Civil Code for the Near East, Asia, Africa,In particular, South America and also has a significant impact. Germany proceral and administrative aspects of popular French law,French Civil Code, Civil Code, enacted in with a very different,German Civil Code was enacted in the French Civil Code came into existence after almost a century.At that time, many countries have to follow the French model.together with the German Civil Code and the "theory Department faction" of the characteristics of legal thinking,The French Civil Code so difficult to achieve that kind of advantage. However, the Italian Civil Code of 1942.Greek Civil Code 1940, the Brazilian Civil Code 1916,Japan's Civil Code 1896 and 1898 of the Civil Code as well as South Korea and China, the KMT government will be affected. Two Schools of the Western world still exist between religious law and mingle with some of the legal systems coexist.
This comparative law in the legal system, commonly known as "mixed." Although Scotland as England,But it is different from the laws in the history of England by the Roman greater impact.therefore, it is the law of civil law and common-law mixed. and the Nordic countries, namely Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland,Icelandic law, known as the Scandinavian laws, is different from China, France and France are different from the common-law system.But closer to civil law. In Asia, the scope of the civil law is the law, including Turkey,Near East some Arab countries is a mixed civil law and Islamic law. Japan and Thailand are all civil law.But in Japan since the end of World War II law,Also affected by the laws of the United States. As Spain and the Philippines has become a colony of the United States.So mixed with the characteristics of the Western Enlightenment. Because of the Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.Tutor in Roman Dutch law it is influenced by the impact of the law, the factors with Islamic law. In Africa, such as the Congo.Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia, and other countries law from the civil law system.South Africa has the Netherlands and the British colony.So the two legal Western mixture. North African countries such as Algeria, Morocco,Tunisia and other Arab countries have laws, and France, Italy's historical linkboth civil law and Islamic law factors.

『貳』 中翻譯英語：善意取得制度，為近代以來大陸法系與英美法系民法一項重要的法律制度，尤其是民法物權法的一

The Acquisition in Good Faith is an important legal system in civil law in the continental law and Anglo-American Legalsystem in modern age, expcially for the ...(talk about an aspect) in the civil law and its property law.

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『叄』 「民法法系」和「普通法系」的英文寫法是謝謝

civil law system; common law system