温法治疗的是
㈠ 温法的详解
以温热药物为主,组成具有祛除脏腑经络间沉寒痼冷等作用的方剂。治疗里寒证的方法。又称祛寒法。适用于寒邪滞留三阴的里寒证候。根据里寒证所在脏腑经络部位的不同,以及病情的轻重缓急之别,温法又可分为温中祛寒、回阳救逆、温阳利水、温经散寒四个类型。由于寒邪易伤人体阳气,又因阳虚里寒证常由气虚发展而来,温法常同补气药物配合使用。临床上具体使用本法时需注意:①本法主治里寒证 ,对于热伏于里而见手足厥冷的真热假寒证忌用温法。②各种火热证,阴虚火旺证、阴血不足证均不宜使用本法。③寒证较重,温之应峻,寒证轻浅,温之宜缓。④温热之药,性皆燥烈,久用或用量较大时避免耗血伤津。
八法之一,运用温热药治疗里寒证的治法。寒证有表寒证和里寒证之分,表寒证需用辛温解表法治疗,里寒证需用温里法治疗。习惯上把温里法也称为温法。温里法具有祛除寒邪、温补阳气、温通经络的作用,适用于外寒入里,深入脏腑经络,或阳气不足,寒从内生的里寒证。证见精神不振,形寒肢冷,口淡不渴,喜热饮,小便清长,舌质淡苔白,脉迟;或腹部冷痛,呕吐,腹泻,或水肿,小便不利,或手足厥逆,脉微细欲绝,或肢体冷痛等。根据里寒证所在的脏腑经络的部位和病情轻重缓急的不同,温里法又有温中祛寒、回阳救逆、温经散寒和温阳利水等治法。由于寒为阴邪,易伤人体阳气,以及阳虚里寒证往往由气虚发展而来,故温里法除用温热药以外,常配合使用补气的药物;阴寒内盛、阳气欲脱,病情危急者,需配合补气固脱的药物。
温里法常与其他方法配合使用,如里寒证兼有里实,大便不通,腹满疼痛,需与下法配合使用;阳虚水停,水肿,小便不利,需与利水法配合使用;寒凝气滞而疼痛,需与理气止痛法配合使用等。
㈡ 推拿八法的温法
代表手法:摆动,摩擦,挤压类手法(产热最强的属擦法,小鱼际擦法最甚)
要求:治疗时手法多缓和,柔和,作用时间较长,患者有较深沉的温热等刺激感
作用:温经散寒,补益阳气
举例:推三关,性温热,治一切虚寒证等
㈢ 中兽医治疗方法概括为哪八法
八法是中兽医针对家畜病证进行药物治疗的大法,即汗、吐、下、和、温、清、补、消八种治疗方法。
1) 汗法概念:汗法,也叫散法或解表法。 2)吐法)概念:吐法,也叫涌吐法或催吐法。
3)下法概念:下法,也叫攻下法或泻下法。一般情况下,将下法分为攻下、润下、逐水三种。 4) 和法概念:和法,也叫和解法。和法可分为和解表里、调和肝脾、调和肝胃三种。 5) 温法概念:温法,也叫祛寒法。:按照中寒的部位和程度不同,温法可分为回阳救逆、温中散寒、温经散寒三种。
6).清法概念:也叫清热法,。分类: 临证常把清法分为清热泻火(适用于热在气分) 、清热解毒(适用于热毒引起的疮黄肿毒等) 、清热凉血(适用于热在营分,血分) 、清热燥湿(适用于湿热证);清热解暑(适用于夏季的暑热)五种。
7).补法概念 补法,也叫补虚法。有补气、补血、滋阴、补阳四种。 8)消法概念:消法,也叫消导法或消散法。
㈣ 中医治疗的方法有哪些
中医治疗方法有很多种,你可以详细说下患者的情况,有助于对症给出一个有效的治疗方法。
㈤ 中医理念汗吐下和温清消补是什么意思
asthma 哮喘
heart disease 心脏病
arrhythmia 心律不齐
indigestion 消化不良
dermatitis 皮炎
freckle/ephelis 痣,雀斑
acne 粉刺
flu 流感
diarrhoea 痢疾
quarantine 检疫
vaccinate 打疫苗
endemic 水土不服
relapse 复发症
casualty 急症
stupor 昏迷
sprain 扭伤
scalding 烫伤
graze 擦伤
scratch 搔挠
trauma 外伤
bruise 淤伤
fracture 骨折
dislocation 脱臼
tinnitus 耳鸣
trachoma 沙眼
colour blindness 色盲
nearsightedness/myopia 近视
astigmatism 散光
gingivitis 牙龈炎
cavity 龋齿
discomfort/disorder 不适
malnutrition 营养不良
incubation 潜伏期
asthenia 虚弱
poisoning 中毒
fatigue 疲劳
heat stroke 中暑
itching 发痒
ache/pain 痛
tetanus 破伤风
night sweat 盗汗
chill 打冷颤
pale 脸色发白
头痛headache
感冒cold
咳嗽cough
肺炎pneumonia
肝炎hepatitis
脑膜炎brain fever/meningitis
急性胃炎acute gastritis
胃炎gastritis
气管炎trachitis
支气管炎bronchitis
阑尾炎 appendicitis
胃肠炎gastroenteritis
乳腺炎mastitis
肿瘤tumor
癌症cancer
禽流感bird flu/avian influenza
非典SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome)
疯牛病mad cow disease
黑死病black death
白血病leukemia
爱滋病AIDS(Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome)
流感influenza
白内障 cataract
狂犬病rabies
中风stroke
冠心病 coronary heart disease
糖尿病diabetes
肺癌 lung cancer
肝癌liver cancer
肺结核pulmonary tuberculosis
肝硬化hepatocirrhosis
慢性病chronic
肺气肿emphysema
胃癌cancer of stomach
胃病stomach trouble
心脏病heart disease
发烧fever
He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. (他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。)
He is under the weather. (他不舒服,生病了。)
He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到反常的疲倦。)
He feels light-headed. (他觉得头晕。)
She has been shut-in for a few days. (她生病在家几天了。)
Her head is pounding. (她头痛。)
His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. (他的症状包括没有食欲、体重减轻、非常疲倦、发烧和发冷。)
He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. (他大部份时间都觉得非常疲倦。)
He has been lacking in energy for some time. (他感到虚弱有段时间了。)
He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. (他觉得昏昏欲睡,头晕目眩和想吐。)
He feels as though everything around him is spinning. (他感到周围的东西都在打转。)
He has noticed some loss of hearing. (他发觉听力差些。)
She has some pains and itching around her eyes. (她眼睛四周又痛又痒。)
(2) 伤风感冒:
He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. (他咳嗽带有绿黄色的痰。)
His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. (他眼睛发痒,而且一直在打喷嚏。)
He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. (hacking = constant) (他有发烧,筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。)
He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. (malaise = debility) (他咳嗽有浓痰,而且觉得很虚弱。)
He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. (他伤风咳嗽。)
He has a headache, aching bones and joints. (他头痛,骨头、关节也痛。)
He has a persistent cough. (他不停地在咳。)
He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. (他一阵阵的咳嗽,难以控制。)
He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. (他声音嘶哑,有时失声。)
He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. (他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。)
His breathing is harsh and wheezy. (他呼吸时,有气喘似的呼哧呼哧作响。)
He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. (有时突然间太阳穴刺痛。)
He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. (他流鼻水,打喷嚏和喉咙沙哑。)
(4) 手脚疾病:
His both hands and feet ache all over. (他两手两脚都很酸痛。)
He has pain on the sole of his feet. (他脚底很痛。)
There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. (我右脚底有个像肉疣般的硬块。)
His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. (pit = small dent form;句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles)(他的足踝好象肿了,用手按,就有小坑痕。)
The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. (左脚酸痛,并有红肿。)
The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. (指头和指节旁边的关节,似乎有肿大。)
He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. (他的手和指头感到麻木和刺痛。)
His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. (激烈运动后,他的腿就痛。)
His knee is misshapen or unable to move. (他的膝盖有点畸形,也不能动。)
There are some swellings in his armpit. (他的腋窝肿大。)
He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. (他的筋骨和关节都痛。)
She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. (她的后背和肩膀都痛。)
His knee has been bothering him for some time. (他的膝盖不舒服,已有一段时间了。)
(5) 睡眠不好:
He is sleeping poorly.(他睡不好)
He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate.(他不易入睡,也难集中精神。)
It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night.(她晚上就寝,很难入睡。)
He wakes ring the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again.(他晚间或清早醒来后,再也不能入睡。)
He has nightmares occasionally.(他有时做噩梦。)
(7) 呼吸方面:
His breathing has become increasingly difficult.(他呼吸越来越困难。)
He has to breathe through his mouth.(他要用口呼吸。)
He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless.(他喘气;即使不运动,他也是上气不接下气。)
His cough is more like wheezing.(他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的响声。)
His cough is dry, procing no phlegm.(他是干咳,没有痰。)
He has coughed up blood.(他咳嗽有血。)
His nose stuffed up when he had a cold.(他感冒时鼻子就不通。)
He coughs up a lot of phlegm (thick spit) on most days.(他多半时间咳出浓浓的痰。)
He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating.(他胸部觉得闷闷的,好象透不过气来。)
(8)口腔毛病:
He has pain in his teeth or jaw. (他的牙齿和下巴疼痛。)
He has some problems with his teeth. (他牙齿有问题。)
The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. (他咬东西时,牙齿就痛。)
His gums are red and swollen. (他的牙床红肿。)
His tongue is red and sore all over. (他的舌头到处红和痛。)
His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. (他口里有怪味。)
His gums do bleed. (他牙床有出血。)
He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. (他的牙床和下巴肿痛。)
He has sore places on or around the lip. (他的嘴唇和周围都很痛。)
There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. (他的嘴巴角落破了。)
There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. (他舌头里边有些地方颜色怪怪的。)
(9) 肠胃毛病:
He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. (他饭后肚子觉得胀胀的,很不舒服。)
He has bouts of abdominal pain. (他有一阵阵的肚痛。)
He feels bloated in his abdominal area. (他感到肚子胀胀的。) (注:胀胀的,像「puff up」,但不是真正的肿「swell up」。)
The pain is mainly in the lower (upper) right part of the abdomen. (痛是在肚子下半部。)
He has nausea and vomiting. (他有恶心和呕吐。)
It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. (他吞下食物时会痛。)
He has passed more gas than usual. (他放…比平常多。)
He has been constipated for a few days. (他便秘了好几天。)
He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. (他大便时很痛。)
He has some bleeding from his rectum. (他的肛门出血。)
He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. (他发觉大便时有些血。)
His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling. (他大便呈灰白色,含油脂的恶臭。)
His bowel movements are grey (or black) in color. (他的大便呈灰白色。)
He has trouble with diarrhea. (他拉肚子。)
(10) 血压&感官:
His blood pressure is really up. (他的血压很高。)
High blood pressure is creeping up on him.
He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. (他发觉常常小便,非常口渴和更加疲倦。)
It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. (他弯腰或躺下时,胸部更痛。)
He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. (他体会到过度的出汗和难以解释的疲倦。)
He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. (他的脊椎某部位刺痛。)
He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. (其它关节疼痛包括臀部、膝盖和脚踝。)
His eyes seem to be bulging. (他的眼睛觉得有点肿胀。)
He has double vision. (他的视线有双重影子。)
He feels there is a film over his eyes. (他觉得眼里有种薄膜似的东西,挡住视线。)
His vision in the right eye blurred. (他右眼视线模糊不清。)
He has had some earaches lately. (他近来耳朵有点痛。)
He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. (他耳朵常有嗡嗡的声音。)
㈥ 中医治疗的八法是哪些
中医内治八法主要是指在辨证的基础上内服中草药。过去总结为汗、吐、下、和、温、清、消、补八法。其中吐法不常使用,有人代之以理气法。汗法又称解表法。针对表寒或表热,用辛温或辛凉药物发汗来疏散表邪。吐法是用催吐药物治疗上焦阻塞,使食物或痰涎吐出的方法。由于药物毒性大、作用剧烈,现已很少使用。下法主要用于通利大便以排除肠内积滞、药涤突热、攻逐体内积水。细分为寒下、温下、润下等法。和法用于调整脏腑功能的盛衰,主治病在半表半里,如调和肝脾、肠胃等。 [1]
温法用于回阴救逆、温中祛寒,治疗里寒诸症,如阴盛阳衰、脾胃虚寒等。清法用于里热炽盛诸症,又分清热泻火、滋阴清热、清脏腑热等。消法用于消导食滞、消散包块。凡食积、气积、血积等实症均可使用。它比下法缓和,使各种积聚渐消缓散。补法用于增强体质,治疗各种虚弱症候,又细分为补气、补血、滋阴、助阳四法。中医在临床治疗中并不完全局限于以上八法,常根据个人经验和患者特点对症下药,灵活运用。
㈦ 温法的介绍
温法治疗学术语,系八法之一,又作祛寒法。
㈧ 中医治疗法则有哪些
发汗法(解表法)
本法是服用药物使病人发汗,通过发汗驱除在表之邪,故在外感初起,病邪侵犯肌表时应用。汗法还有透疹(透表)作用,故当麻疹初起、疹将透未透之际,宜发汗以透疹;发汗又能消肿,故亦用于水肿病症,特别是水肿初起,上半身肿较著者。但运用汗法的原则是必须具有表证。由于表证主要有表寒、表热两型,故汗法又有辛温发汗和辛凉发汗的不同。
发汗解表以汗出邪去为度,过汗可以伤津,甚至汗出不止,引致虚脱;体质素虚的人,根据情况可配伍补益等法进行治疗。
清热法
本法是用寒凉药物以清热,用于热证。具体应用时尚应分辨是气分热、营分热、实热、虚热、何脏腑热等不同,而选用不同治法。如热在气分,热炽津伤,可用甘寒清热,因寒能清热,甘能生津养阴之故。如热在气分,或为实热,可用苦寒清热,因苦能泻下助寒以泻火解热。如热在营血,可清营凉血。如邪热伤阴,水不制火,因养阴清热。此外脏腑之热,因各脏腑病症表现之不同,宜分别采用清脏腑热的方法。
清热法不宜久用,特别是苦寒清热,常能损害脾胃,影响消化。
泻下法
一般是指通下大便,以排除肠内积滞。无论肠中实热之便秘,或热结旁流,以及肠垢结滞的痢疾,均可应用寒泻下,实热随泻下而去。肠中冷积,可用温下之法,温以去寒,泻下以去积。虚性便秘,用润滑之剂以通大便,为缓下通便法。此外,对于实证腹水,亦可通过峻泻以逐水,而选用下法。
下法用于里实证时,常为急下以祛邪,用之不当,或久用亦能伤正。
温里法
本法是用温热药祛除寒邪,用于里寒证。温热药既可祛寒,又可扶阳,故对寒邪直中,或阳虚生寒者,可用温中祛寒法,对阳气虚脱者则用回阳救逆(回阳固脱)法。
温法用之过度,亦能伤阴。
祛湿法
湿在中焦,湿阻较轻,可用芳香化湿。芳香之物可使气机流畅,改善消化机能,故可使轻度之湿随之而去。湿阻较重,便用苦温燥湿,因苦味能燥湿,温性亦燥,苦温燥性较烈,可去重症之湿。前二者统称化湿。如湿与热邪结合,便应根据湿和热的轻重,一面清热,一面化湿,称清化湿热法。湿在下焦,则当淡渗利湿,能过利尿以祛湿。中焦湿邪较重;亦可结合利湿法。
应用化湿、利湿之法亦应慎重,过用亦可伤津。
祛痰法
治痰之法有化痰、消痰、涤痰(豁痰)3种。一般的痰,多用化痰法。化是逐渐化除之意。辨别痰之寒热,结合痰之成因,选用不同化痰之法。如为热痰,宜用清化热痰法;如为湿痰,宜用燥湿化痰法;如为寒痰,宜用温化寒痰法。如痰浊凝滞,化之不去,则用消痰法。痰浊内阻,气逆喘促,用消痰法可使痰消气顺,哮喘乃平。痰浊凝滞经络,如痰核、瘰疬,亦用消痰法以散结。顽疾停聚,化痰、消痰均不能去,则用涤痰(豁痰)法。“涤”是荡涤攻逐之意,使粘痰泻下而出,多用于中风、癫狂、痰涎壅塞。
理气法
气之为病,一为气虚,一为气滞,一为气逆。气虚应用补气法,气滞、气逆则用理气法。理气可使气机舒畅,滞可行,逆可降。气滞多见于肝、胃、肠,应用舒气、行气之法以消除胁胀腹满。气滞重则用破气法。气逆用降气之法,以消除胃气上逆之恶心、呕吐、呃逆以及肺气上逆之咳喘。
在应用行气、化痰、利湿、活血、泻下等法时,常配合理气法,以免造成气滞,并有助于祛除病邪。
理气法所用之药大多辛香而燥,重用久用能耗气、散气和伤津,对血虚、阴虚以及火旺等症,用之宜慎。
祛淤法
血淤应祛淤,各种病症如痛症、内脏肿块、经闭、疮疡等凡是由于血淤所致者,皆当祛淤。淤血轻者应活血祛淤,常与理气法配合;淤血重者则当攻逐血淤,常与泻下法配合。
止血法
止血、呕血、咯血、便血、尿血、血崩等各种出血均可用止血法。但治疗出血除紧急采取止血措施之外,还应针对其出血原因进行治疗。如由热而致出血,则当清热凉血止血;如因气虚不能摄血,则当益气止血。出血初起,禁用大剂凉血止血,以防淤血内停。
消散法
一为消导,一为消积。消导法主要用于饮食停滞,以消化导下。消积法用于凝结有形的肿块,这种肿块多由气血痰淤,逐渐凝结而成,故用消积法使其逐渐消散。消散法与泻下法近似,但有不同。消散法虽能消导逐邪,但不如泻下法之猛攻急下,而是逐渐消散,缓以图功。
补益法
本法用于虚证。具体应用时应分析气血、阴阳、脏腑诸虚之不同,而分别采用不同的补法。气虚补气(益气)、血虚补血(养血),阴虚宜滋阴(养阴、补阴、育阴),阴虚阳亢,宜滋阴潜阳,阳虚宜助阳(温阳),有时在正虚邪存时亦可使用补虚扶正的方法以祛邪。
应用补法必须照顾脾胃,如脾胃虚弱,不仅影响饮食的消化吸收,也影响药物的吸收而使补法达不到应有的作用。
和解法
临床上,凡是不能用前述诸法治疗的疾病常采用和解法。和解是调和的意思,它有祛邪扶正、调整脏腑偏盛偏衰之作用。如外感病中病邪既不在表也不在里,而在半表半里,非发汗、清热、泻下等法所能解决的,常采用和解法驱除病邪。又如杂病中肝脾不和、肝胃不和、肠胃不和等,均可采用和解法以调节肝脾、肝胃的盛衰,而使之恢复正常。
上述各种治法,可以单独应用,但对病情复杂者,单用一法不能解决时,常数法合用。如表里俱急,内外邪盛,便应“汗下并用”(表里双解)。如上热下寒或上寒下热,便应“温清并用”。
如体质素虚,感受实邪,或病邪不解,正气渐衰,以致正虚邪实,便应“攻补兼施”。如此配合应用,才能收到更好的疗效。
㈨ 叙述中医温法的概念与护理
中医护理的原则是以中医辨证治则指导护理工作的,针对不同病情,应用“扶正祛邪”、“标本缓急”、“同病异护”、“异病同护”、“正护反护”、“因人、因时、因地制宜”及“预防为主”等护理原则来制定相应的护理措施。
1.扶正祛邪:是指通过各种护理手段达到扶助正气、祛除病邪的目的,根据不同病情采用扶正为主或祛邪为主等护理措施。
2:“标”与“本”是相对而言,根据病情的主次轻重,护理上遵循“急则护其标,缓则护其本”的原则,在标本并重的情况下,可采用“标本同护”的方法。
3.同病异护、异病同护:同一种病,在病程发展的不同阶段,出现不同证候时所采取不同的护理措施为同病异护;而不同疾病在病程某一阶段出现相同证候时,采取相同的护理措施为异病同护。
4.正护与反护:正护与反护是根据临床治则(正治与反治)为依据所采取的护理措施。
5.因人、因时、因地制宜:根据不同时令、气候、地理环境及病人年龄、性别、体质的不同,采取不同的护理措施。
6.预防为主:护理中以“未病先防”和“既病防变”为原则,掌握疾病传变途径,防止并发症,在疾病康复期防止病情反复。突出了中医在病因、观察病情、诊断、治疗、护理、预防中的整体观和现代、社会、生物、心理的医学模式特点。
(三)中医传统技术是护理工作的重要内容:针灸、拨罐、按摩、刮痧、耳针、梅花针、中药熏洗等二十余种常用中医传统技术,简便易行,行之有效,丰富了中医护理内容。
中医护理历来在祖国医学整体观、辩证观的理论指导下,强调“三分治,七分养”,坚持“防重于冶”的原则,“圣人不治已病治未病”。在临床护理实践中,强调入是一个以脏腑、经络、气血为内在联系的有机整体,强调人体与自然界与社会的关系,进行辩证施护。通过望,闻、问、切四诊手段获取病情、个体状况、心理、社会环境等信息,应用中医八纲辩证的方法加以分析、归纳,确立病人的证型及存在或潜在的健康问题,提出因时、因地、因人而异的护理措施以及健康指导。
㈩ 温法的简介
用温热药治疗寒证的方法。《素问·至真要大论》:“寒者热之”,“劳者温之”。具体方法有温中祛寒、湿经祛寒、回阳救逆。