合同法英语翻译

A. 有没有大神能帮我把这个美国合同法法律英语给翻译一下啊 不要机译啊！

建议提交翻译公司。

B. 关于《劳动合同法》翻译成英文

The new "Labor Contract Law" promulgated content of the many changes. More people from the perspective of the interests of workers concerned. For example, recruitment and employment of the conclusion of the contract requirements refinement; probationary period provided more detailed, workable economic compensation payments reflect the value of labor; set no fixed deadline-oriented labor contract is to maintain stability, and so on.
At the same time many companies take a negative response, such as the resignation Affair, labor relations sent into labor relations, and so on. Defend their own interests, aimed at trying to rece labor costs. The new "Labor Contract Law" to the enterprise the advantages or disadvantages? I believe that the interests outweigh the risks. Increase in cost of the enterprise will become an opportunity. Too cheap labor force, neglect of staff training. If this situation persists, not improve the quality of workers, will far-reaching impact on the competitiveness of enterprises. If an enterprise can not blindly rely on the development of competitive advantage of low-cost labor, should be trying to technological innovation, improving labor proctivity and competitiveness in the future of seizing the initiative. From another perspective, the increase in cost will be an opportunity for enterprises. "Labor Contract Law" will become China's enterprises and upgrading the booster accelerator for the development of enterprises to make a fundamental protection.

C. 英语里面 提到合同或者合同法经常提到 structure 具体是什么意思在与合同相关时怎么翻译

先把句子拆开
第一部分 ：Evaluate the significant commercial issues affecting
the choice 对 会影响决策（或选择）的重大商业问题 做 评估
第二部分： by the contracting parties 由缔版约方 （在这权里是插入语， 意思是决策或者选择由缔约方做出的）

第三部分： of one of these structures over the others for the distribution
of goods or services to market （接第一部分的choice） 从这些结构中选择出一个最优结构 来（执行） 对商品或服务向市场进行分配（批发，分销）

整体译文： 对会影响 缔约双方 选择最优结构来进行产品或服务的市场分销 的重大商业问题 进行评估

structure 在这里 意思是 结构， 分配产品或服务进入市场的结构

D. 翻译英文合同需要注意的地方有哪些

合同翻译是一种专业的翻译,翻译的时候一定要慎重,很多细节需要注意一下.你可以找专业的合同翻译公司---语美多翻译公司,帮助你翻译这些合同文件.一下是翻译英文合同注意的一些事项,你可以看下.在英文合同翻译中,前提条件是弄懂合同的定义,包括合同中应有的基本要素.第一,英文合同的定义
1.在英文中,合同一般称为Contract或者Agreement. 1999年中国《合同法》第二条将contract定义为：A contract in
this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the
civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between
natural persons, legal persons or other
organizations”.根据这一定义,合同平等主体之间设立的确定民事权利和义务的协议. Steven H. Gifts编著的“Law
Dictionary”中将contract 定义为“Contract is a promise,or a set of promises,for breach
of which the law gives remedy,or the performance of the which the law in some
way recognize as a ty.”根据这一定义,合同是一种承诺,违反承诺可以得到法律救助,某种意义上法律将履行该承诺看作是一种补偿. 2.
合同的成立必须具备几个主要因素. 它们(要约和承诺构成的)由协议、约因、设立法律关系的愿望和缔约能力四大部分组成. L.B Curzon编著的“A
Diction of Law”提到：“Contract generally involves” 1. offer and absolute and
unqualified acceptance (要约和绝对接受) 2. consensus ad idem (意思表示一致,也叫meeting of
minds) 3. intention to create legal relations (建立合同关系的意愿) 4. genuineness of
consent (同意的真实性) 5. contractual capacity of the parties (合同当事人的缔约能力) 6.
legality of object(标的物的合法性) 7. possibility of performance (履行的可能性) 8.
certainty of terms(条款的确定性) 9. valuable consideration(等价有偿) 第二,英文合同的结构特点
合同类法律文件用以规定当事人的权利与义务,是预防与解决争议的依据.合同英语行文缜密而准确,历史悠久,深含法律文化底蕴.
中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓名、住所或营业场所,然后是合同正文,结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职务及签字日期.而英语合同一般以下面这类句式为开头：
This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this ______day
of______(month),______(year) by and between Party A (hereinafter called “ Party
A ”)and Party B(hereinafter called “ Party B ”) 然后是开始陈述： WHEREAS...THEREFORE
... It is hereby agreed as follows: 或以： WITNESSETH, WHEREAS... NOW
THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements
contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:
接着是正文,最后是证明部分： IN WITNESS WHEREOF,the parties hereto have hereunto set their
hands the day and years first above written.
随后还包括当事人和见证人的签字.签字日期一般在英文合同里搬弄是非是找不到的. 第三,英文合同翻译的用词特点(formal term)
合同英语的用词极其考究,具有特定性.要求选词专业化(professional)、正式(formal)、准确(accurate).具体体现在下列方面：
1. may,shall,must,may not(或shall not)的使用;may,shall, must,may not (或shall
not)对学过英语的人来说再熟悉不过了,但在合同中用这些词时要极其谨慎. 权利义务的约定部分构成了合同的主体.这几个词如选用不当,可能会引起纠纷.
may旨在约定当事人的权利(可以做什么),shall约定当事人的义务(应当做什么时候),must用于强制性义务(必须做什么),may not (或shall
not)用于禁止性义务(不得做什么).may do不能说成can do,shall do,不能说成should do或ought to do, may not
do,在美国一些法律文件里可以用shall not,但绝不能用can not do或must not),例如,在约定解决争议的途径时,可以说： The
parties here to shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in
connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should such
negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People’s Court having
jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration
clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such
dispute occurs.
本句中的shall和may表达准确.出现争议后应当先行协商,所以采用了义务性“约定”,如果协商解决不了,作为当事人的权利,用选择性约定may也很妥当.如果may和shall调换位置会怎么样?前半句的shall换用may后,意思变成了当事人可以通过协商解决,意思上说得过去,但后半句的may换用shall后,变成了应当诉讼解决,好像一出事,就要先见官,这就有些不友好了.
本句可译：双方首先应通过友好协商,解决因合同而发生的或与合同有关的争议.如果协商未果,合同中又无仲裁条款约定或争议发生后未就仲裁达成共识的,可将争议提交给有管辖权的人民法院解决.
2.正式用语(formal term) 合同英语有着严肃的风格,与其它英语作品有着很大不同之处. 例如： “因为”的短语多用“by virtue
of ”,远远多于“e to”,一般不用“because of ”; “财务年度末”一般用“at the close of the fiscal
year”,而不用“in the end of the fiscal year”; “在……之前”一般用“prior to”,而不用“before”;
“关于”常用“as regards”,“concerning”或“relating to”,而不会用“about”; “事实上”用“in
effect”,而不用“in fact”; “开始”用“commencement”,而不用“start”或“begin”; “停止做”用“cease
to do”,而不用“stop to do”; “何时开会并由某某主持”的表述为：The meeting shall be convened and
presided by sb. “其他事项”用“miscellaneous”,而不用“other matters/events”;
“理解合同”用“construe a contract”或“comprehend a contract”,而不用“understand a
contract”; “认为”用“deem”,用“consider”少,不用“think”或“believe”; 3.用词专业(technical
terms)
合同用词不以大众是否理解和接受为转移,它是合同语言准确表达的保障.如合同出现的“瑕疵”、“救济”、“不可抗力”、“管辖”、“损毁”、“灭失”等就可能让非行业人士费解,用以上英语表达分别为defect,remedy,force
majeure /Act of God,jurisdiction,damage and/or loss.另外几乎每个合同都少不了hereinafter
referred to as ,such... as ,whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of ,
hereby, thereof 等虚词,就其中几个细说： 比如： 1. Hereby: by means of; by reason of
this之意,即特此,因此,兹等意.常用于法律文件、合同协议的正式文件的开头语,在条款中需要强调时也可用.举原文说明,如：The Employer hereby
covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion
of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such
other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time
and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. 文中： ★hereby意为 by reason of
this,特此的意思. ★ therein意为in the Works在本工程中. ★ such...as是关系代词,相当于that,
which,把要限定的词置于such与as之间使要限定的名词十分明确,避免合同双方在理解上发生争议. 其它的还有：
“赔偿”用“indemnities”,而不用“compensation” “不动产转让”用“conveyance”,而不用“transfer of
real estate” “房屋出租”用“tenancy”,而“财产出租”用“lease of property” “停业”用“wind up a
business”或“cease (名词是cessation) a business”,而不用“end/stop a business”.
还款或专利申请的“宽限期”英文为“grace”, “当事人在破产中的和解”用“composition”
“依照合同相关规定”一般说成“pursuant to provisions contained herein”或“as provided
herein”等,不说成“according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”.
“合同任何一方当事人不得转让本合同”英文表述为“Neither party hereto may assign this
contract”,其中“hereto”表示“to the contract”,选用“Neither party to the
contract”较少.4.同义词、近义词、相关词的序列 FOR value RECEIVED,the undersigned does hereby
sell, transfer, assign and set over to _____all his right, tile and interest in
and to a certain contract dated_____, 19 _____by and between the undersigned and
_____,a of which is annexed hereto. 在这里的同义词和近义词并列(如sell, transfer, assign
and set over,right和 tile and
interest),在英文合同里十分普遍.这是出于严谨和杜绝漏洞的考虑,有的也属于合同用语的固定模式.如： This agreement is made
and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.句中“made and entered
into”和“by and between”两组分别属于同义词和相关词并列. For and in consideration of mutual
covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree
as follows: 句中“for and in consideration of ”, “covenants and
agreements”三组同义司和近义词并列. The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the
terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. 这里的“on the terms”和“subject
to the conditions”是一个意思,都表示“依照本协议的条款规定”.合同条款的固定模式是“terms and conditions”
再例如：“Party A wishes to be released and discharged from agreement as from the
effective date”,一句中的“release”和“discharge”的意思几乎相同. 并列的词还有： ships and vessels
support and maintenance licenses and permits charges, fees, costs and
expenses any and all any ties, obligations or liabilities the partners,
their heirs, successors and assigns 第四,英文合同翻译中的注意事项
实践证明,英文合同中容易出现差错的地方,一般来说不是大的陈述性条款,而恰恰是一些关键的细目.比如：金钱、时间、数量等.为了避免出差错,在英译合同时,常常使用一些有限定作用的结构来界定细目所指定的确切范围.
A. 限定责任 众所周知,合同中要明确规定双方的责任.为英译出双方责任的权限与范围,常常使用连词和介词的固定结构.现把最常用的此类结构举例说明如下.
1.1 and/or常用 and/or 英译合同中“甲和乙+甲或乙”的内容,这样就可避免漏译其中的一部分.
例1：如果上述货物对船舶和(或)船上其它货物造成任何损害,托运人应负全责. The shipper shall be liable for all
damage caused by such goods to the ship and/or cargo on board. 1.2 by and
between 常用by and
between强调合同是由“双方”签订的,因此双方必须严格履行合同的责任.例2：买卖双方同意按下述条款购买出售下列商品并签订本合同. This
Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller,whereby the Buyer
agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the undermentioned commodity subject
to the terms and conditions stipulated below. B.
限定时间英译与时间有关的文字,都应非常严格慎重地处理,因为合同对时间的要求是准确无误.所以英译起止时间时,常用以下结构来限定准确的时间. 2.1 双介词
用双介词英译含当天日期在内的起止时间. 例3:自9月20日起,甲方已无权接受任何定单或收据. Party A shall be unauthorized
to accept any orders or to collect any account on and after September 20.
例4：我公司的条件是,3个月内,即不得晚于5月1日,支付现金. Our terms are cash within three months, i.e.
on or before May 1.3.2.2 not (no) later than用“not (no) later than
+日期”英译“不迟于某月某日”. 例5：本合同签字之日一个月内,即不迟于12月15日,你方须将货物装船. Party B shall ship the
goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than
December 15. 2.2 include的相应形式
常用include的相应形式：inclusive、including和included来限定含当日在内的时间. 例6：本证在北京议付,有效期至1月1日.
This credit expires till January 1(inclusive) for negotiation in Beijing. (or
This credit expires till and including January 1 for negotiation in Beijing.)
如果不包括1月1日在内,英译为till and not including January 1. 3.1
大写文字重复金额英译金额须在小写之后,在括号内用大写文字重复该金额,即使原文合同中没有大写,英译时也必须加上大写.在大写文字前加上“SAY”,意为“大写”;在最后加上“ONLY”意思为“整”.必须注意：小写与大写的金额数量要一致.例7：聘方须每月付给受聘方美元500元整.
Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US $ 500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US
DOLLARS ONLY). 3.2. 正确使用货币符号
英译金额必须注意区分和正确使用各种不同的货币名称符号.“$”既可代表“美元”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币;而“￡”不仅代表“英镑”,又可代表其他某些地方的货币.必须注意：当金额用数字书写时,金额数字必须紧靠货币符号,例如：Can
$891,568,不能写成：Can $
891,568.另外,翻译时还要特别注意金额中是小数点(.)还是分节号(,),因为这两个符号极易引起笔误,稍有疏忽,其后果是不堪设想的.
综上所述,本文从英文合同的定义、结构特点、以及从英文合同翻译的用词特点、注意事项等四个方面着手,使我们对合同自身的特点有了一定的了解,包括其构成的基本要素,在翻译过程中容易疏忽之处;从而为更好地做好英文合同翻译打下基础,并使我们在合同翻译中能够得心应手.

E. 急求关于合同法基本原则的英文论文及翻译 谢谢朋友了！

The first party:
The second party:

Both parties according to A B amity consultation, and basis 《 the People's Republic of China contract method 》 provision, transact the computer for the first party from the second party[ so-and-so company] carry on the sale gearing, especially sign this contract.The both parties wish to obey the following item also:

Article 1:Service contents
A, our company sells the whole computers, all a professional personnel test, match the nation 《 the proct quantity method 》 , 《 standardize the method 》 and public security official's department related provision, device in before sell all stuck to protect to fix to seal in the particular position of the equipments;
Two, the device that sell, all from the operation method that my professional personnel of company teaches the device, make the appropriate technique training also when it's necessary;
Three, all device from sell from this very day, in a year breakdown proce by the device quantity, will practice:
A, three months protects to change;
B, free protect to fix in three years;
Four, after system check before acceptance, three months protect to use the period inside, if because of the equipments quantity problem occurrence break down, our company even replaces together model number new proct;
Five, protect to fix the period as three years.This period, my company implements the gratis maintenance service.After receiving the customer breakdown, send the professional personnel to be present immediately;
Six, take place as follows one of the factors, the loss result in break down, don't belong to protect to use, protect to fix the scope, our company forgives not to take any economic responsibility:
1, not belong to the profession of my company to maintain the personnel or engineering the personnel tears to protect to fix to seal, tearing open the machine of;
2, a fire, the electric shock, outside object tumble down or the equipments damage that other natural disasters cause;
3, not my company officers and workers or not my company authorization user usage, or usage power the one who use carries on operation to result in of artificial breakdown;
Seven, the device that our company sells and starts construction to install in the engineering check before acceptance after, must create file, and fill in" the equipments keeps on record the card".Hereafter the device maintain the movement circumstances and should stuff with this card;
Eight, the first party if have a great achievement increment or the service needs of ability, all with the both parties are written form, E-mail or fax for basis, all fluctuation, all with the both parties' representative director confirm for precise.

Article 2:Support the contract period
The equipments maintenance period:
Month from year from day,
Go to the year month day, for expect the month.

4, payment and deliver goods the way:
1) all contract amount of money, add up the total amount of money as a renminbi of … , the first party adopts an all styles( use the check remittance) with all paid sex to the second party after install complete.
2) the conveyance method and expenses burden:
The second party presses the first party to request to install to adjust to try to like to provide to the first party, the traffic expense is undertake by the second party.
3) date of delivery:Deliver goods in year month day
4) place of delivery:

Article 4:Both parties' responsibility
The second party:
1, must guarantee the above-mentioned proct to proce also for the original factory from formality of, legal of outlet import;
2, protect to fix the standard:From need the square to check before acceptance qualified press to proce the factory house to protect to fix the standard performance from day;
3, protect to fix and support the way:The second party provides three years of free maintenance service towards the equipments that provide.( if the hardware appear the breakdown, can't solve in time, the second party need to be provide in time together the model number proct substitutes at the time)When the first party's occurrence equipments
While breaking down and notifying the second party with the telephone or written form way, the second party should at 6 work arrive to break down the spot.
The first party:
1, after goods arrive check before acceptance immediately, if discover the problem, replacing at the request of the telephone notify the second party to resolve in 7 or, otherwise seeing as check before acceptance qualified.
2, the first party can't bear debt all expenseses of the second party;Break contract the square needs toward the second party to pay 0.1%/ day of penalty fee( put together together amount of money).
Other:
1, the maintenance period expires, A B both parties another go to sign to support the contract, continue the service item.
2, break contract the responsibility:The second party can't request time to deliver goods according to the first party, belonging to the default behavior;The first party can't rule the deadline to pay the payment according to the contract, belonging to the default behavior.Break contract the square needs toward the other party to pay the penalty fee, fining money the total amount not to exceed to match
0.1% that is together.
3, solve the way of the contract dispute:This contract occurrence dispute, was negotiate by both parties or the intermediation does not become, any square has the power to initiate public prosecution toward court of the people.
4, contract if have the not known exhausted place, both parties amity the consultation solve.
5, once the contract book try two, from the both parties' representative the signing adds to cover the Company's seal or a young man of contract effects also, faxing the piece to have the equal legal effect.

Make agreement the person
A square: B square:
Representative: Representative:
Sign the date: Sign the date:
Telephone: Telephone:
Address: Address:

F. 劳动合同法用英语的最正规的翻译

中华人民共和国劳动合同法

Labor Contract Law of PRC

中华人民共和国劳动合同法

LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS

employment ,labor都可以，参考网站：
http://www.ldht.org/Html/fagui/gjfg/7565504886319.html

http://blog.tianya.cn/blogger/view_blog.asp?BlogName=ldhtf&idWriter=0&Key=0

G. 按照《合同法》相关规定执行的翻译是：什么意思

按照《合同法》相关规定执行的翻译是：In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Contract Law

H. 急求法律高手或英语高手翻译一段合同法的内容

distingguish之间的违约赔偿和处罚

用来描述总结的话是什么样的证据，但双方并没有打算推翻回

之款项应被视答为一个点球，如果极不相称的最大破坏可能导致因违约

凡违反失败付钱组成，规定金额的罚款，如果是超出应付金额

其中一个总结，是在对不同违规行为，其中有些是微不足道，而其他一些较为严重的事件数量支付任何佣金，它可能是一个惩罚

即使准确预估计几乎是不可能的，这并不妨碍被作为违约金处理的款项，只要它代表一个真正的企图作出合理准确的评
希望能对你有帮助

I. 合同法英文版翻译问题

首先说明，我不是专业人员呵，这里尽力给你分析一下吧

对句子的理解关键就在 assent acceptance agree这三个词上
第一句话condition assent is not acceptance 对assent给出了一个大概的定义，就是 assent并不等同于 acceptance
这是英文里的词义辨析了，可能在需要的情景里就用英文原词表达比较准确。

我认为在这里 assent表意的程度是最轻的 而 agree和acceptance几乎就是等同程度的了，都比assent要重，要更进一步
这里给出《现代英汉综合大辞典》的解释：

assent acceptance
vi n.
同意；赞成；答应 接受; 验收
让步 答应, 承认; 认可, 肯定
【商】承兑, 认付(票据等)
信受(学说)

agree
vi.
一致; 相合
同意, 赞成
约定, 允诺, 答应
相宜, 调和, 符合
和睦相处
【语】(人称, 数, 格, 性及前后对应)一致

感觉用中文表达可能多少会存在差异，不知道专业的书上是怎么处理的，这里提出我的看法供你参考吧（译文）：

对(合同)条款的 同意 并不代表/并不等同于 对(合同)条款的 接受。
对(合同)条款的同意并不具有约束力，除非且直到 要约人 认可了(合同的)条款——这样，此后合同的条款就必须被 执行/完成

上面的翻译中，我用了 同意 接受 认可 来区分程度的轻重，希望不是词不达意吧！

呵呵，希望我的回答对你有帮助

J. 《中华人民共和国合同法》第2条规定的翻译是：什么

《中华人民共和国合同法》第2条规定的翻译是：Article 2 of the Contract Law of the People's Republic of China